

   TThhee RR LLiicceennssee TTeerrmmss

   DDeessccrriippttiioonn::

        GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991

        Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
        675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA Everyone is per-
        mitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this
        license document, but changing it is not allowed.

        Preamble

        The licenses for most software are designed to take
        away your freedom to share and change it.  By contrast,
        the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee
        your freedom to share and change free software-to make
        sure the software is free for all its users.  This Gen-
        eral Public License applies to most of the Free Soft-
        ware Foundation's software and to any other program
        whose authors commit to using it.  (Some other Free
        Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU
        Library General Public License instead.)  You can apply
        it to your programs, too.

        When we speak of free software, we are referring to
        freedom, not price.  Our General Public Licenses are
        designed to make sure that you have the freedom to dis-
        tribute copies of free software (and charge for this
        service if you wish), that you receive source code or
        can get it if you want it, that you can change the
        software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and
        that you know you can do these things.

        To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions
        that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask
        you to surrender the rights.  These restrictions trans-
        late to certain responsibilities for you if you dis-
        tribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.

        For example, if you distribute copies of such a pro-
        gram, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the
        recipients all the rights that you have.  You must make
        sure that they, too, receive or can get the source
        code.  And you must show them these terms so they know
        their rights.

        We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright
        the software, and (2) offer you this license which
        gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or
        modify the software.

        Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to
        make certain that everyone understands that there is no
        warranty for this free software.  If the software is
        modified by someone else and passed on, we want its
        recipients to know that what they have is not the orig-
        inal, so that any problems introduced by others will
        not reflect on the original authors' reputations.

        Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by
        software patents.  We wish to avoid the danger that
        redistributors of a free program will individually
        obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program
        proprietary.  To prevent this, we have made it clear
        that any patent must be licensed for everyone's free
        use or not licensed at all.

        The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribu-
        tion and modification follow.

        GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR
        COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION

        0. This License applies to any program or other work
        which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder
        saying it may be distributed under the terms of this
        General Public License.  The "Program", below, refers
        to any such program or work, and a "work based on the
        Program" means either the Program or any derivative
        work under copyright law: that is to say, a work con-
        taining the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim
        or with modifications and/or translated into another
        language.  (Hereinafter, translation is included with-
        out limitation in the term "modification".)  Each
        licensee is addressed as "you".

        Activities other than copying, distribution and modifi-
        cation are not covered by this License; they are out-
        side its scope.  The act of running the Program is not
        restricted, and the output from the Program is covered
        only if its contents constitute a work based on the
        Program (independent of having been made by running the
        Program).  Whether that is true depends on what the
        Program does.

        1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the
        Program's source code as you receive it, in any medium,
        provided that you conspicuously and appropriately pub-
        lish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and
        disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices
        that refer to this License and to the absence of any
        warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program
        a copy of this License along with the Program.

        You may charge a fee for the physical act of transfer-
        ring a copy, and you may at your option offer warranty
        protection in exchange for a fee.

        2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or
        any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the
        Program, and copy and distribute such modifications or
        work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that
        you also meet all of these conditions:

        a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent
        notices stating that you changed the files and the date
        of any change.

        b) You must cause any work that you distribute or pub-
        lish, that in whole or in part contains or is derived
        from the Program or any part thereof, to be licensed as
        a whole at no charge to all third parties under the
        terms of this License.

        c) If the modified program normally reads commands
        interactively when run, you must cause it, when started
        running for such interactive use in the most ordinary
        way, to print or display an announcement including an
        appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is
        no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a war-
        ranty) and that users may redistribute the program
        under these conditions, and telling the user how to
        view a copy of this License.  (Exception: if the Pro-
        gram itself is interactive but does not normally print
        such an announcement, your work based on the Program is
        not required to print an announcement.)

        These requirements apply to the modified work as a
        whole.  If identifiable sections of that work are not
        derived from the Program, and can be reasonably consid-
        ered independent and separate works in themselves, then
        this License, and its terms, do not apply to those sec-
        tions when you distribute them as separate works.  But
        when you distribute the same sections as part of a
        whole which is a work based on the Program, the distri-
        bution of the whole must be on the terms of this
        License, whose permissions for other licensees extend
        to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part
        regardless of who wrote it.

        Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim
        rights or contest your rights to work written entirely
        by you; rather, the intent is to exercise the right to
        control the distribution of derivative or collective
        works based on the Program.

        In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based
        on the Program with the Program (or with a work based
        on the Program) on a volume of a storage or distribu-
        tion medium does not bring the other work under the
        scope of this License.

        3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work
        based on it, under Section 2) in object code or exe-
        cutable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above
        provided that you also do one of the following:

        a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding
        machine-readable source code, which must be distributed
        under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
        customarily used for software interchange; or,

        b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at
        least three years, to give any third party, for a
        charge no more than your cost of physically performing
        source distribution, a complete machine-readable copy
        of the corresponding source code, to be distributed
        under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
        customarily used for software interchange; or,

        c) Accompany it with the information you received as to
        the offer to distribute corresponding source code.
        (This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial
        distribution and only if you received the program in
        object code or executable form with such an offer, in
        accord with Subsection b above.)

        The source code for a work means the preferred form of
        the work for making modifications to it.  For an exe-
        cutable work, complete source code means all the source
        code for all modules it contains, plus any associated
        interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
        control compilation and installation of the executable.
        However, as a special exception, the source code dis-
        tributed need not include anything that is normally
        distributed (in either source or binary form) with the
        major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
        operating system on which the executable runs, unless
        that component itself accompanies the executable.

        If distribution of executable or object code is made by
        offering access to copy from a designated place, then
        offering equivalent access to copy the source code from
        the same place counts as distribution of the source
        code, even though third parties are not compelled to
        copy the source along with the object code.

        4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute
        the Program except as expressly provided under this
        License.  Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, subli-
        cense or distribute the Program is void, and will auto-
        matically terminate your rights under this License.
        However, parties who have received copies, or rights,
        from you under this License will not have their
        licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in
        full compliance.

        5. You are not required to accept this License, since
        you have not signed it.  However, nothing else grants
        you permission to modify or distribute the Program or
        its derivative works.  These actions are prohibited by
        law if you do not accept this License.  Therefore, by
        modifying or distributing the Program (or any work
        based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of
        this License to do so, and all its terms and conditions
        for copying, distributing or modifying the Program or
        works based on it.

        6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work
        based on the Program), the recipient automatically
        receives a license from the original licensor to copy,
        distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms
        and conditions.  You may not impose any further
        restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights
        granted herein.  You are not responsible for enforcing
        compliance by third parties to this License.

        7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allega-
        tion of patent infringement or for any other reason
        (not limited to patent issues), conditions are imposed
        on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise)
        that contradict the conditions of this License, they do
        not excuse you from the conditions of this License.  If
        you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously
        your obligations under this License and any other per-
        tinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not
        distribute the Program at all.  For example, if a
        patent license would not permit royalty-free redistri-
        bution of the Program by all those who receive copies
        directly or indirectly through you, then the only way
        you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
        refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.

        If any portion of this section is held invalid or unen-
        forceable under any particular circumstance, the bal-
        ance of the section is intended to apply and the sec-
        tion as a whole is intended to apply in other circum-
        stances.

        It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to
        infringe any patents or other property right claims or
        to contest validity of any such claims; this section
        has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the
        free software distribution system, which is implemented
        by public license practices.  Many people have made
        generous contributions to the wide range of software
        distributed through that system in reliance on consis-
        tent application of that system; it is up to the
        author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to dis-
        tribute software through any other system and a
        licensee cannot impose that choice.

        This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what
        is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this
        License.

        8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is
        restricted in certain countries either by patents or by
        copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder
        who places the Program under this License may add an
        explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
        those countries, so that distribution is permitted only
        in or among countries not thus excluded.  In such case,
        this License incorporates the limitation as if written
        in the body of this License.

        9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised
        and/or new versions of the General Public License from
        time to time.  Such new versions will be similar in
        spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail
        to address new problems or concerns.

        Each version is given a distinguishing version number.
        If the Program specifies a version number of this
        License which applies to it and "any later version",
        you have the option of following the terms and condi-
        tions either of that version or of any later version
        published by the Free Software Foundation.  If the Pro-
        gram does not specify a version number of this License,
        you may choose any version ever published by the Free
        Software Foundation.

        10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program
        into other free programs whose distribution conditions
        are different, write to the author to ask for permis-
        sion.  For software which is copyrighted by the Free
        Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Founda-
        tion; we sometimes make exceptions for this.  Our deci-
        sion will be guided by the two goals of preserving the
        free status of all derivatives of our free software and
        of promoting the sharing and reuse of software gener-
        ally.

        NO WARRANTY

        11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE,
        THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT
        PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE
        STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER
        PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
        ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT
        NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABIL-
        ITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE ENTIRE
        RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM
        IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU
        ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR
        CORRECTION.

        12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR
        AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY
        OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PRO-
        GRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
        INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSE-
        QUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO
        USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
        DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUS-
        TAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PRO-
        GRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH
        HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBIL-
        ITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

        END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS

        Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs

        If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of
        the greatest possible use to the public, the best way
        to achieve this is to make it free software which
        everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.

        To do so, attach the following notices to the program.
        It is safest to attach them to the start of each source
        file to most effectively convey the exclusion of war-
        ranty; and each file should have at least the "copy-
        right" line and a pointer to where the full notice is
        found.

        <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea
        of what it does.> Copyright (C) 19yy  <name of author>

        This program is free software; you can redistribute it
        and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General
        Public License as published by the Free Software Foun-
        dation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
        option) any later version.

        This program is distributed in the hope that it will be
        useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the
        implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
        PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
        for more details.

        You should have received a copy of the GNU General Pub-
        lic License along with this program; if not, write to
        the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cam-
        bridge, MA 02139, USA.

        Also add information on how to contact you by elec-
        tronic and paper mail.

        If the program is interactive, make it output a short
        notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:

        Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of
        author Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY;
        for details type `show w'.  This is free software, and
        you are welcome to redistribute it under certain condi-
        tions; type `show c' for details.

        The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should
        show the appropriate parts of the General Public
        License.  Of course, the commands you use may be called
        something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could
        even be mouse-clicks or menu items-whatever suits your
        program.

        You should also get your employer (if you work as a
        programmer) or your school, if any, to sign a "copy-
        right disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.  Here
        is a sample; alter the names:

        Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest
        in the program `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at
        compilers) written by James Hacker.

        <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989 Ty Coon, President
        of Vice

        This General Public License does not permit incorporat-
        ing your program into proprietary programs.  If your
        program is a subroutine library, you may consider it
        more useful to permit linking proprietary applications
        with the library.  If this is what you want to do, use
        the GNU Library General Public License instead of this
        License.

   RReeffeerreenncceess::

        A copy of license is in `$RHOME/COPYING' and you may
        also want to look at the R FAQ in <URL:
        http://www.ci.tuwien.ac.at/~hornik/R/R-FAQ.html>.

